In 1654, Oliver Cromwell and his Council of State planned a surprise attack on Spanish America. The Colony of Jamaica remained a British possession until independence in 1962. The Western Design was largely a failure, but Jamaica remained in English hands, and was formally ceded by Spain in the 1670 Treaty of Madrid. It was part of an ambitious plan by Oliver Cromwell to acquire new colonies in the Americas, known as the Western Design.Īlthough major settlements like Santiago de la Vega, now Spanish Town, were poorly defended and quickly occupied, resistance by escaped slaves, or Jamaican Maroons, continued in the interior. This bibliography is intended for use by students, researchers, teachers, librarians and any interested reader.The Invasion of Jamaica took place in May 1655, during the 1654 to 1660 Anglo-Spanish War, when an English expeditionary force captured Spanish Jamaica. There are a few newly acquired items uncatalogued at the time of compilation and therefore do not have a classification number. Ø Newspaper References (Royal Gazette & Jamaica Courant 1805-1806)Įach item is arranged by title, author, publisher and year of publication along with the Dewey Decimal Classification number assigned. This bibliography is divided into categories according to the type of material, as follows: In addition to analytical studies of the slave trade, there are also descriptive materials including narratives by those directly involved such as freed persons, slave traders and observers. These studies are available in a variety of formats such as manuscripts, books, newspaper articles and CD-ROMs. The slave trade has been the subject of extensive scholarship confronting issues such as the number of Africans transported to the Americas and the social, economic and political effects of the trade. The National Library of Jamaica holds a number of materials on the slave trade, dating as far back as 1671 and publications from each century thereafter. In acknowledgment of this year as an important historical event, the National Library of Jamaica has compiled a select bibliography of materials available on this subject in its collections. The bicentenary of the abolition of the slave trade (2007), in the British West Indies is being recognized in Jamaica and other regions. The cruel and inhumane conditions experienced by the Africans from their initial capture, their journey along the middle passage and enslavement in the West Indies demanded that the slave trade be abolished and slaves be freed.Īfter much agitation by anti-slavery individuals and groups in and outside of the Caribbean, as well as passive and active resistance by the Maroons as well as the enslaved, the Slave Trade Abolition Bill was passed in the British House of Lords on the 25th of March 1807. Referred to as the triangular trade, it involved three points, Europe, Africa and the West Indies and represented a complex financial business at its peak in the 18th century. The slave trade is said to have drawn between ten and twenty million Africans from their homeland, with approximately six hundred thousand coming to Jamaica (one of the largest importer of slaves at the time) between 15. The transatlantic slave trade is largely responsible for bringing to the Americas enslaved Africans.
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